Shortness of breath

Shortness of breath is the feeling that breathing is difficult or that you cannot get enough air. It may develop suddenly or gradually and can have lung, heart or other causes. New or worsening breathlessness needs assessment. Severe symptoms should be treated as an emergency, not booked into a routine online consultation.

When should I call 000?

Call 000 if breathing is severely difficult, you cannot speak normally, lips look blue or grey, or there is confusion, drowsiness or collapse. Chest pain or a possible severe allergic reaction also makes the situation urgent. Follow the emergency operator's instructions.

Do not assume anxiety is the cause without appropriate assessment. Even if you have asthma or another known condition, a new pattern may need urgent review. Follow your existing emergency action plan while arranging help, if one has been provided.

For the Australian guidance behind this explanation, see Healthdirect Australia: Shortness of breath (dyspnoea) - causes, symptoms and treatments.

What details will the doctor need?

Describe when breathlessness began, whether it occurs at rest or with activity, and whether it is worsening. Mention chest pain, cough, fever, wheeze, leg swelling and recent surgery or long travel. Tell the clinician about pregnancy and existing heart or lung disease.

An oxygen reading from a home device is only one piece of information. A reassuring number does not rule out every serious cause, and a device may be inaccurate. Do not delay seeking help because a wearable or home monitor appears normal.

Can a stable breathing problem be reviewed online?

Telehealth can help review symptoms, results and an established care plan. New unexplained breathlessness may require examination, oxygen checks, an ECG, blood tests or imaging. A doctor decides which are appropriate. Ask what level of activity is safe and when to seek urgent reassessment. If symptoms deteriorate while waiting, use urgent care rather than waiting for a message response.

Where to go next

Read online doctor consultations to understand the relevant service. A doctor decides whether a consultation, examination, referral or another pathway is appropriate for your situation.