Sciatica

Sciatica describes pain travelling along the path of the sciatic nerve, commonly from the lower back or buttock down a leg. Tingling, numbness or weakness can occur. It is a symptom pattern rather than one specific cause. New neurological symptoms need assessment, especially when bladder, bowel or leg function changes.

Is all back pain sciatica?

No. Back pain without nerve-related leg symptoms may have a different explanation. A clinician asks where the pain travels, what brings it on and whether strength or sensation has changed. Examination helps assess nerve function and decide whether further testing is needed.

Tell the doctor about lifting, injury, previous episodes and the effect on walking or sleep. Mention fever, cancer history, unexplained weight loss or recent infection. These details can alter the urgency and type of investigation.

For the Australian guidance behind this explanation, see Healthdirect Australia: Sciatica - treatment, symptoms and causes - Healthdirect Australia.

Do I need a scan?

Not every episode requires imaging. A doctor considers whether a scan would change management or whether warning signs suggest a specific cause. A scan result must be interpreted alongside symptoms; changes seen on an image do not always explain the pain.

Discuss safe activity, work adjustments and a review plan. Avoid prolonged inactivity or exercises that repeatedly worsen neurological symptoms without seeking advice. The appropriate approach depends on your function and clinical findings. Telehealth can support history and follow-up, but testing strength, reflexes and sensation may require an examination.

Which symptoms are an emergency?

New loss of bladder or bowel control, difficulty passing urine with back pain, numbness around the genitals or anus, or significant new leg weakness needs urgent emergency assessment. Do not wait for a routine booking. Severe worsening pain with fever or major injury also requires prompt care. A previous diagnosis of sciatica does not make these new symptoms safe to watch at home.

Where to go next

Read online doctor consultations to understand the relevant service. A doctor decides whether a consultation, examination, referral or another pathway is appropriate for your situation.