Giardiasis

Giardiasis is an intestinal infection caused by the parasite Giardia. It can cause diarrhoea, bloating, cramps and unpleasant-smelling or greasy stools. Some people have few symptoms. Infection can spread through contaminated water, food or hands, and persistent digestive symptoms may require stool testing rather than being assumed to be a routine stomach bug.

When should I suspect a different cause of diarrhoea?

Tell the doctor about travel, camping, untreated water, childcare contact and other people who are unwell. The timing and duration help guide testing, but an exposure alone does not confirm giardiasis. Several infections and non-infectious conditions can cause similar symptoms.

Keep track of stool changes, fluid intake, urine output and any weight loss. Mention whether symptoms briefly improved and then returned. A laboratory may need a specific sample or further samples, so follow the collection instructions rather than assuming every stool test checks for the same organisms.

For the Australian guidance behind this explanation, see Healthdirect Australia: Giardiasis (giardia) - Healthdirect Australia.

How is it managed?

A clinician decides whether testing and treatment are needed, taking account of symptoms, age, pregnancy and other health conditions. Ask when you should expect improvement and whether follow-up is required. Ongoing symptoms after treatment deserve review rather than automatically repeating the same course.

Handwashing and safe food and water practices help reduce spread. Ask for current advice about childcare, work involving food, and swimming while unwell. The correct exclusion period depends on the activity and public health guidance. Avoid preparing food for others while you have diarrhoea.

When should I seek urgent help?

A child who is not drinking adequately needs prompt assessment. Severe dehydration, persistent vomiting, significant abdominal pain or blood in the stool also needs medical review. Call 000 for collapse or severe confusion. Telehealth may help arrange testing, but an examination is necessary if the illness is severe or the diagnosis remains uncertain.

Where to go next

Read online doctor consultations to understand the relevant service. A doctor decides whether a consultation, examination, referral or another pathway is appropriate for your situation.